![]() ![]() If salts, such as magnesium and calcium chloride, are present in the water ( hard water), the stop bath will remove these also. The primary function of commercial stop bath solutions is to neutralize the developing agent, halting the development process and removing excess developer from the film surface. Next, drain the tank and wash thoroughly with either stop bath or tap water. Pour a sufficient aliquot of premixed developer into the tank and agitate according to the manufacturers directions for the proper time and temperature. After the film has been loaded into the tank, it is ready for processing. The most efficient development tanks include spools used to wind the film so that the emulsion side does not come into contact with the film base. Development tanks that hold all available black & white film formats are commercially available at reasonable prices, and can usually be purchased locally in camera shops or variety discount supermarts. In order to process black & white film, which is conveniently done in the laboratory with minimal darkroom requirements, the film must first be loaded into a suitable processing container in complete darkness. The most versatile developers allow contrast adjustment through mixing and development time and temperature variations. Some developers are designed to produce finer-grain results than others and a few are formulated to provide high-contrast negatives. ![]() ![]() There are dozens of commercially available black & white film developers, many of which are general purpose, while others are intended to be used under a specific set of exposure and processing conditions for target films. A certain level of action by the developer on unexposed silver halide crystals occurs in all black & white film and is termed fog density, but most commercial developing agents are designed to minimize this effect. The concentration of silver in developed negatives is highest in those areas of the photomicrograph that have received the greatest amount of illumination, and is proportionately less in areas that have not been exposed as thoroughly. The developer interacts with exposed silver halide crystals embedded in the emulsion to convert them into particles of metallic silver, which forms the negative image. The basic function of black & white developers is to process the latent image produced on the film emulsion by exposure to light. The image was recorded on Kodak T-Max 100 film and processed in D-76 developer at the recommended time and temperature.Īlthough it is possible to process black & white negative films with only two chemicals, film developer and fixer, better results are obtained when recommended development procedures are adhered to using auxiliary solutions for a stop bath, clearing agent, and a wetting agent. 58 green filter was utilized to modulate contrast in the cell walls, which are heavily stained with fast green. The stain mixture consists of safranin O (nuclei, chromosomes and cell walls), fast green (cytoplasm and cellulose cell walls), crystal violet (starch), and orange G (acidophilic cytoplasm). "Stripes" stars Murray as John Winger, a man who loses everything he has all in one day and decides that his only option is to volunteer for the army, taking his best friend Russell (Ramis) along with him.The specimen employed in this discussion is a brightfield black & white photomicrograph of a quadruple-stained thin section of a pine tree (Pinus banksiana) leaf needle. This year, the film is 40 years old and in honor of that milestone, select movie theaters across the nation will be showing the Kentucky-made classic this month with an exclusive introduction from director Ivan Reitman and Murray. ![]() Starring Bill Murray, Harold Ramis, John Candy and others, the film remains one of the biggest box offices hits filmed in Kentucky. According to Box Office Mojo, when "Stripes" was released in 1981, it grossed $85,297,000. Only "Seabiscuit" (2003), which domestically grossed $120,277,854, outran the "Stripes'" box office return for a film shot primarily in Kentucky. It wasn't the first major film shot in Kentucky - “Coal Miner's Daughter," "How the West Was Won" and "The Kentuckian" are a few that came before - but for Louisvillians, the comedy classic "Stripes" may be the most well-remembered and beloved production to come out of the Bluegrass state. View Gallery: 'Stripes' 40-year anniversary: See photos from the Kentucky set ![]()
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